Periimplantitis

Periimplantitis is a disease of the bone tissue that surrounds the implant. Further loss of bone tissue around the neck of the implant is observed, and there is a risk of dental implant failure.

Causes of periimplant pathology

One of the main reasons for the development of periimplant pathology is poor oral hygiene. After the treatment (implant installation and prosthetics) is completed, patients often ignore the recommendations of the doctor to undergo regular check-ups and professional hygiene at least twice a year. Dense plaque (or deposits) can accumulate in the subgingival area of ​​crowns that are installed on the implant. As a result of the advanced process, an infection develops and inflammatory processes begin. The design of the implants is made in such a way that dental plaque and calculus can form even faster than around the “living” teeth. If the patient does not pay due attention to this, the infection penetrates deeper, infecting the tissue surrounding the implant, as a result of which it may lose support. This leads to dental implant failure.

Another reason for periimplantitis is the use of low-quality implant systems: low-quality titanium and improper implant design in such systems. It is very important to make sure that the clinic uses a certified product with clinically proven results.

The development of periimplantitis may occur due to:

• periodontal diseases: periodontitis, increased abrasion of teeth.
• systemic diseases: immune and hormonal disorders, diabetes, etc.
• bad habits: smoking, excessive consumption of alcohol and drugs.
• medical errors: inadequate diagnosis, inadequate risk assessment, violation of the procedure of implantation, an incorrect plan for treatment.

Symptoms of periimplantitis

• redness and swelling;
• bleeding in the area of the implant;
• the formation of a pocket with the purulent discharge;
• mobility, the feeling that the tooth is a loose;
• pain in the area of the implant (not a systematic symptom, in some cases the pain is absent);
• implant rejection.

Periimplantitis treatment: the first stage

Treatment of periimplant pathology is usually carried out in two stages and involves the elimination of gingival inflammation and surgical treatment of the inflammation focus. At the first stage of treatment, the following procedures can be performed:

• professional oral hygiene;
• vector therapy;
• ozonation;
• laser therapy;
• irrigation with antiseptic solutions.

Periimplantitis treatment – the second stage

• an incision (possibly with a laser) and creation of a periodontal flap;
• removal of granulation tissue from the pocket;
• implant surface cleaning with the use of special curettes;
• thorough washing of the pocket;
• introduction of bone material to the pocket;
• wound suturing;
• use of antibiotics and antiseptic rinses.

Prognosis and prevention of periimplant pathology

Periimplant pathology can lead to dental implant failure and, as a consequence, to a long and costly restorative treatment. Therefore, the patient should carefully choose the clinic where such operations are performed, as well as responsibly comply with all recommendations of the doctor for the implant care.

Experts of Avanto clinics are trying to prevent the development of periimplantitis due to:

• use of high-quality world-famous implant systems;
• highly qualified and experienced surgeons, periodontists and orthopedists;
• the use of modern computer methods for 3D planning of dental implants;
• implementation of the system of clinical examination of patients with implants.

Such patients are always under observation and must have preventive examinations and professional hygiene procedures carried out at least twice a year.